Electrical Engineering Technology

In this introductory course, students will gain proficiency in fundamental mathematical concepts and apply problem-solving skills required in technology programs. Course content includes fractions review, algebra fundamentals, unit conversions, algebraic operations & equations, proportion & variation, factoring, algebraic fractions, functions & graphs, systems of linear equations, geometry, trigonometry, and vectors.

This course is divided into theory and practical exercise components. The theory component will allow students to calculate resistance, current and voltage in D.C. series, parallel, and series/parallel circuits. Students are also introduced to power supplies and meter configuration and implementation. The theory concepts will be reinforced in the practical exercise component by allowing students to predict circuit parameter values before entering the lab and verifying calculations through circuit construction and actual measurements.

This course introduces the students to electronic fabrication techniques and safety programs.

This course is an introduction to digital logic systems that are found in all computers. Students will focus on number systems, binary arithmetic, logic gates, Boolean algebra and integrated circuits.

In this course, students will be introduced to academic writing styles with a thematic focus on current issues. This course will help students to express themselves clearly and correctly in written form. Students will critically analyse assigned readings and express their thoughts. The course will also focus on the development of an academic paper utilizing the APA style of documentation.

In this course, engineering technology students will be introduced to Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. Students will develop skills in creating polished, professional documents, format data, process numbers with formulas, or present data to find patterns of any other information that can be laid out in a grid. The course also familiarizes students with the college's data systems, including email, Blackboard, and the Local Area Network (LAN), using Windows 11 as the operating environment.

This course is designed to introduce students to the culture and legislative requirements of safety. Students will be introduced to basic concepts of industrial safety such as training and committee requirements. There will be a strong reliance on the Ontario Health and Safety Act so that students are able to reference the act.

Success can be defined in many ways. This course will look at ways to maximize your academic, employment and personal success. Academically, topics such as study skills, learning strategies, and time management will be discussed. Problem-solving, goal setting, budgeting, and effective communication will also be discussed in a variety of contexts. Topics relating to success in employment will provide useful career strategies. By combining all of the course topics you will have a better understanding of yourself and how you define your personal success.

Students will examine the atomic structure of semiconductors, diode theory and applications; rectify circuits, special purpose diodes, bipolar transistors and their characteristics, biasing circuits, NPN and PNP and common-emitter configurations. This will establish the foundation for understanding the circuits found in computers today.

This course introduces the student to alternating current circuit analysis techniques. Generation of the sine wave and the relationship between frequency, peak values, RMS value and phase angle will be covered. It uses vector mathematics to calculate reactance, impedance, and voltage, current and phase angle. Students will be introduced to electronic test equipment; they will demonstrate their ability to use the oscilloscope and other measuring equipment to measure amplitude, frequency and phase angle of reactive circuits.

This course is an introduction to Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) using AutoCAD software. The student will focus on all 2-D commands of AutoCAD including basic drawing and editing functions, plotting, and general drawing file maintenance. The drawing assignment material is directed to the reproduction of electrical schematics, process flow diagrams, electrical wiring and motor control ladder logic diagrams. The student also examines the processes in an engineering project for required drawings, specifications and documentation.

This course emphasizes the importance of oral and written communication in an industrial and business setting. In Communications for Technology, students will work on independent and group projects and apply problem-solving techniques to develop both their individual and team building skills. Students will apply computer-technology and a variety of resources for researching, writing and presenting technical data into a clear and concise format.

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to navigate and apply relevant sections of the Canadian Electrical Code (CEC), interpret and use information from electrical drawings, specifications, and standards related to single-phase installation and maintenance, and create basic electrical drawings and schedules for practical applications.

After successful completion of this course, students will be able to summarize electrical trade practices related to safety requirements and the proper use of tools and equipment. They will also be able to demonstrate the installation and maintenance of single-phase service, distribution, and branch circuit equipment, as well as develop corresponding electrical schematics.

In this course, students will continue to review and sharpen their proficiency in mathematical concepts and problem-solving skills necessary in technology programs. Course content includes radian applications, complex numbers, sine & cosine graphs, trigonometric identities & equations, factoring & algebraic fractions, quadratic equations, exponents, operations & equations with radicals, systems of equations, and logarithms.

This course introduces the fundamental principles of electrical power systems, including AC circuit behavior, magnetism, transformers, and three-phase systems. Students analyze voltage, current, power, and power factor, and apply mathematical methods to solve electrical problems. Emphasis is placed on single-phase and three-phase transformer operation, system configuration, and code-based calculations. Laboratory activities reinforce safe work practices, measurement techniques, and the analysis of electrical power equipment and systems.

This course introduces industrial data communication systems used in automation and control. Students examine data transmission methods, serial communication standards, and network architectures. Emphasis is placed on configuring and troubleshooting industrial networks, including cable installation, termination, splicing, and testing of UTP and fibre-optics, as well as implementation of Modbus, Modbus TCP and Ethernet IP networks.

Upon successful completion, the student is able to determine code requirements and perform calculations for maximum circuit loading, continuous and non-continuous duty motor branch circuits (single motor), lighting branch circuits, electric heating branch circuits, emergency systems, fire alarm systems and fire pumps, protection and control devices, fibre optics and communication cables and equipment, service and feeders for apartments and row housing, and patient care areas.

Upon successful completion, the student is able to navigate, use and apply drawings and specifications, prepare as-built sketches as well as explain the processes to install and maintain electric heating, HVAC systems, luminaires, wiring devices and exit and emergency lighting systems.

This course will provide students with an introduction to the history of colonization of Indigenous communities in Canada. Contemporary Indigenous community issues within Northwestern Ontario (NWO) and Canada will be examined. Students will explore the unique socio-political relationships between Canada and Indigenous peoples with an emphasis on colonial, legal and political issues. With a broader understanding of the context of colonization, students will analyze contemporary relationships and efforts towards renewed relationships and reconciliation.

In this intermediate technical mathematics course, students will solve problems involving the conic sections and the fundamental principles of calculus. Course content includes analytical geometry of the conic sections and applications, equations in rectangular and polar forms, binomial expansion, limits for functions, meaning of the derivative, derivatives and applications, and introductory integration.

This course provides students with the knowledge and practical skills required to analyze, design, install, and troubleshoot industrial motor control and automation systems. Emphasis is placed on interpreting and producing electrical schematics and relay ladder logic, selecting and applying control devices, and verifying circuit operation using appropriate test equipment. Students develop competencies in designing and commissioning motor control circuits, including start/stop, sequencing, interlocking, and timing applications. The course also introduces programmable logic controllers (PLCs), including hardware configuration, wiring,  and ladder logic programming for automated systems. Additionally, students explore discrete instrumentation and sensing devices and their integration within control systems. Through a combination of theory and hands-on applications, students gain the skills necessary to implement, test, and maintain modern industrial control systems in accordance with industry standards and codes.

This course is designed to prepare students to successfully write the Ontario Association of Certified Engineering Technicians and Technologists (OACETT) Professional Practice Examination (PPE), required for certification for engineering technicians and technologists by this professional certifying body. The basics of the association's structure, contract law, ethics, and professional practice will be examined. The student assessment will include practice examinations similar to OACETT's PPE.

This course will introduce the student to the concepts of quality control and quality assurance in the workplace.

This course introduces the operation, analysis, and application of electrical machines and drive systems. Students study the fundamentals of magnetism and electric generation, along with the performance characteristics of DC and AC machines. Emphasis is placed on configuring and troubleshooting DC and PWM AC drives, interpreting technical data, and applying safe work practices. Laboratory activities reinforce practical skills in installation, operation, and testing of rotating electrical equipment using industry-standard tools and methods.

Upon successful completion, the student is able to demonstrate the installation, operation, testing, verification and troubleshooting of security and surveillance systems, fire alarm systems and communication systems and their components.

MA 431 focuses on the areas of differential and integral calculus. Topics covered include applications of differentiation and integration as well as methods of differentiation and integration for trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions.

This course is designed to expand the student’s knowledge regarding the capabilities of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Advanced instruction sets such as data manipulation, program control, word and file moves and sequencers are discussed using realistic industrial control problems. An understanding of the configuration of specialized hardware such as analog and numerical data I/O (Input / Output) used in conjunction with the advanced instructions will allow the student to program a PLC for a continuous closed-loop control application. Students will also learn safe installation, start-up and troubleshooting procedures using the PLC programming software.

This course will introduce the student to the concepts of both integrated and PC (Personal Computer) based HMI (Human Machine Interface) and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems for industrial automation. It will focus on graphical user interface design, data acquisition, logging, event driven scripting, security and automation network layout.

In engineering design work, differential equations are used to model most kinds of non-chaotic dynamic (changing) systems, such as process control systems, mechanical devices, hydraulics and building structures. MA531 emphasizes the concepts of analytical approaches to solutions of ordinary differential equations. Topics covered include Maclaurin, Taylor and Fourier series, as well as the application of Laplace transforms for differential equations, systems of differential equations and engineering problems.

Upon successful completion, the student is able to use and apply drawings and specifications related to industrial electrical installations, describe installation and maintenance procedures for three-phase consumer supply services and metering equipment as well as describe the considerations for connecting single and three-phase branch circuits to three-phase electrical distribution equipment.

Upon successful completion, the student is able to explain the installation and maintenance requirements and procedures for renewable energy generating and storage systems as well as demonstrate the connection of renewable energy generating and storage system components for the creation of a stand-alone system.

Upon successful completion, the student is able to describe the considerations for installing and maintaining building automation systems and components and demonstrate the connection of building automation equipment.

This course initially introduces the student to static and dynamic characteristics of the components involved with process control systems. Various process variable sensing techniques are discussed as well as feedback control modes and final control elements. Controller tuning methods by actual dynamic analysis or by mathematical modeling is also investigated. A variety of control strategies are evaluated and compared for optimum control system performance.

This course allows the student to become familiarized with the tools, test equipment, and manufacturers instructions as they apply to configuration, calibration, interconnections and operation of industrial process control components and systems. The operating characteristics of process transmitters and final control elements are examined and transfer functions are experimentally determined. Students will then be able to configure and tune digital controllers and DCS systems for a variety of process control situations. Students then use software tools to tune control systems based on mathematical models.

The course commences with an introduction to linear algebra concepts related to determinants, matrices and solutions of systems of equations. The course continues with a study of descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency and variation, data presentation and basic probability. An introduction to inferential statistics plus correlation and regression analysis constitutes the remainder of the course. Microsoft Excel is used extensively throughout the course for computations and graphing.

Upon successful completion, the student is able to describe the considerations for installing/replacing, troubleshooting, maintaining and upgrading pneumatic and hydraulic systems and components, perform pneumatic and hydraulic calculations as well as demonstrate the assembly of hydraulic systems using circuit drawings.

This course continues the student's studies of power systems from EL-506 Industrial Power Systems, focusing on the practical study of a power distribution grid, including electrical generation, transmission and distribution. The students will study various substation configurations, including the various components included within. Students will explore the concepts associated with protection of the various system components, with an introduction to fault current calculations utilizing the per-unit method. The student will understand the need for power system maintenance and testing.

In this course, students will be introduced to academic writing styles with a thematic focus on current issues. This course will help students to express themselves clearly and correctly in written form. Students will critically analyse assigned readings and express their thoughts. The course will also focus on the development of an academic paper utilizing the APA style of documentation.

This course is divided into theory and practical exercise components. The theory component will allow students to calculate resistance, current and voltage in D.C. series, parallel, and series/parallel circuits. Students are also introduced to power supplies and meter configuration and implementation. The theory concepts will be reinforced in the practical exercise component by allowing students to predict circuit parameter values before entering the lab and verifying calculations through circuit construction and actual measurements.

This course is an introduction to digital logic systems that are found in all computers. Students will focus on number systems, binary arithmetic, logic gates, Boolean algebra and integrated circuits.

This comprehensive course offers an in-depth exploration of computer hardware, operating systems, and networking, designed for students seeking foundational and advanced skills in IT support. Participants will identify and examine computer components, learning to locate and explain the functions of parts within desktop systems. Through hands-on disassembly and reassembly, students will develop practical skills, alongside understanding the roles of motherboards, processors, and memory configurations. The curriculum covers power supplies, storage devices, I/O management, and the intricacies of the Windows operating system, including installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting techniques. Students will be introduced to networking fundamentals and delve into security strategies, printer management, and the basics of virtualization and cloud computing. Additionally, the course includes insights into mobile operating systems and scripting in Linux and macOS, equipping learners with the tools to navigate the modern tech landscape confidently.

This course introduces the students to electronic fabrication techniques and safety programs.

In this introductory course, students will gain proficiency in fundamental mathematical concepts and apply problem-solving skills required in technology programs. Course content includes fractions review, algebra fundamentals, unit conversions, algebraic operations & equations, proportion & variation, factoring, algebraic fractions, functions & graphs, systems of linear equations, geometry, trigonometry, and vectors.

In this course, engineering technology students will be introduced to Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. Students will develop skills in creating polished, professional documents, format data, process numbers with formulas, or present data to find patterns of any other information that can be laid out in a grid. The course also familiarizes students with the college's data systems, including email, Blackboard, and the Local Area Network (LAN), using Windows 11 as the operating environment.

Success can be defined in many ways. This course will look at ways to maximize your academic, employment and personal success. Academically, topics such as study skills, learning strategies, and time management will be discussed. Problem-solving, goal setting, budgeting, and effective communication will also be discussed in a variety of contexts. Topics relating to success in employment will provide useful career strategies. By combining all of the course topics you will have a better understanding of yourself and how you define your personal success.

This course emphasizes the importance of oral and written communication in an industrial and business setting. In Communications for Technology, students will work on independent and group projects and apply problem-solving techniques to develop both their individual and team building skills. Students will apply computer-technology and a variety of resources for researching, writing and presenting technical data into a clear and concise format.

This course introduces the student to alternating current circuit analysis techniques. Generation of the sine wave and the relationship between frequency, peak values, RMS value and phase angle will be covered. It uses vector mathematics to calculate reactance, impedance, and voltage, current and phase angle. Students will be introduced to electronic test equipment; they will demonstrate their ability to use the oscilloscope and other measuring equipment to measure amplitude, frequency and phase angle of reactive circuits.

Students will examine the atomic structure of semiconductors, diode theory and applications; rectify circuits, special purpose diodes, bipolar transistors and their characteristics, biasing circuits, NPN and PNP and common-emitter configurations. This will establish the foundation for understanding the circuits found in computers today.

This course is designed to introduce students to the culture and legislative requirements of safety. Students will be introduced to basic concepts of industrial safety such as training and committee requirements. There will be a strong reliance on the Ontario Health and Safety Act so that students are able to reference the act.

This course is an introduction to Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) using AutoCAD software. The student will focus on all 2-D commands of AutoCAD including basic drawing and editing functions, plotting, and general drawing file maintenance. The drawing assignment material is directed to the reproduction of electrical schematics, process flow diagrams, electrical wiring and motor control ladder logic diagrams. The student also examines the processes in an engineering project for required drawings, specifications and documentation.

In this course, students will continue to review and sharpen their proficiency in mathematical concepts and problem-solving skills necessary in technology programs. Course content includes radian applications, complex numbers, sine & cosine graphs, trigonometric identities & equations, factoring & algebraic fractions, quadratic equations, exponents, operations & equations with radicals, systems of equations, and logarithms.

This course applies the principles of math and physics to solve problems related to electronics and industrial process measurements.

This course will provide students with an introduction to the history of colonization of Indigenous communities in Canada. Contemporary Indigenous community issues within Northwestern Ontario (NWO) and Canada will be examined. Students will explore the unique socio-political relationships between Canada and Indigenous peoples with an emphasis on colonial, legal and political issues. With a broader understanding of the context of colonization, students will analyze contemporary relationships and efforts towards renewed relationships and reconciliation.

This course provides a comprehensive overview of the complex and evolving relationship between Indigenous peoples and the Canadian state from contact to present day. It will explore the different worldviews at contact, the years of cooperation and negotiation through the fur trade and treaty making era, and the impact of government colonial policy on Indigenous nations. The course will also explore the constitutional recognition of Aboriginal rights, which provides an important context for understanding contemporary issues between Indigenous and Canadian societies including land claims, treaties, and self-government.

The student will learn common transistor amplifier configurations using both Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) and Field Effect Transistors (FETs) to lay the foundation for understanding advanced devices and circuits for industrial control. Circuit analysis methods are developed to support circuit trouble-shooting. Transistor and amplifier characteristics are verified in laboratory circuits using bench test equipment.

This course is an introduction to wireless telecommunications and wide area networks. Students will focus on carriers and modulation. In addition, multiplexing, subcarriers and frequency synthesizers will be studied.

The objective of the course is to introduce to students the principles of the Canadian Electrical Code and corresponding safety standards for the installation and maintenance of electrical systems. The students will gain an understanding of electrical construction in both commercial and industrial settings. Aspects of electrical estimating and safety will also be covered.

This course will introduce students to relay ladder logic and discrete electrical equipment commonly found in the industrial setting. Students will study control circuits, devices and installation methods commonly used. Material studied will be related to the Ontario Electrical Safety Code.

This course is designed to introduce the student to programming and logic skills required for technical problem solving and analysis. Skills will be developed and enhanced through the use of modularized processes, control and looping structures, as well as functions of the C++ language as they are applied to practical applications.

Digital II will cover computer building blocks including the TTL family of components (logic gates, flip-flops, one-shots, counters, shift registers, and multiplexers/demultiplexers). Analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters will be covered for digital/analog interfacing. The student will gain practical experience in digital circuitry troubleshooting.

Virtually all installations are supplied with A.C. power. To properly work in a design team or operate a power distribution system, a graduate must understand the concept of three phase power and be able to specify transformers.

In this intermediate technical mathematics course, students will solve problems involving the conic sections and the fundamental principles of calculus. Course content includes analytical geometry of the conic sections and applications, equations in rectangular and polar forms, binomial expansion, limits for functions, meaning of the derivative, derivatives and applications, and introductory integration.

This course introduces industrial data communication systems used in automation and control. Students examine data transmission methods, serial communication standards, and network architectures. Emphasis is placed on configuring and troubleshooting industrial networks, including cable installation, termination, splicing, and testing of UTP and fibre-optics, as well as implementation of Modbus, Modbus TCP and Ethernet IP networks.

The student will progress from Industrial Electronics I to a more advanced study of industrial devices such as operational amplifiers, power supplies, thyristors and control circuits. The student will gain experience in analysis and troubleshooting of industrial circuits and systems.

This course will cover the basics of embedded system organization including the ARM Cortex-M3, M4, and M4F microcontroller architectures. Common integrated peripherals will be studied including general purpose Input/Output (I/O), timers, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) units, and Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) providing the foundation required for embedded system design and development. Students will learn design fundamentals starting with the Unified Modelling Language (UML), machine code, and assembly language coding. Practical application design will be presented showing students how to interface with LEDs, external contacts, high-voltage electro-mechanical relays, analog signals, and culminate with the design and operation of a bi-directional, variable speed DC motor controller.

This course is a study of Wide Area Networks. Voice and data must be moved over great distances utilizing wireless and wired media. Students will study wired and wireless telecommunications systems including wireless voice and data transceivers, public telephone systems, private telephone systems, wireless telephones and wireless LAN communications.

This course provides students with the knowledge and practical skills required to analyze, design, install, and troubleshoot industrial motor control and automation systems. Emphasis is placed on interpreting and producing electrical schematics and relay ladder logic, selecting and applying control devices, and verifying circuit operation using appropriate test equipment. Students develop competencies in designing and commissioning motor control circuits, including start/stop, sequencing, interlocking, and timing applications. The course also introduces programmable logic controllers (PLCs), including hardware configuration, wiring,  and ladder logic programming for automated systems. Additionally, students explore discrete instrumentation and sensing devices and their integration within control systems. Through a combination of theory and hands-on applications, students gain the skills necessary to implement, test, and maintain modern industrial control systems in accordance with industry standards and codes.

This course provides comprehensive and practical knowledge of Information Networks hardware and software technologies. Students will study and analyze effective solutions for large multi-user Local Area Networks. The course will deal with hardware specifications and installation, software installation and configuration network management, and system conflict resolution.

The student will be introduced to AC and DC machines most commonly used in industry today. In addition to traditional starting and operating methods, the students will explore today's modern Variable Speed drives.

MA 431 focuses on the areas of differential and integral calculus. Topics covered include applications of differentiation and integration as well as methods of differentiation and integration for trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions.

As most modern control systems involve a computer-to human interface, it is the objective of this course to provide an overview and basic understanding of programming techniques used in graphical interface and control system development. This course will allow the student to utilize C++ to construct, troubleshoot and write programs to control external circuits and gather data from external digital inputs and A/D (Analog to-Digital) converters via a PC (Personal Computer) using a USB connection. Actual field measurements will be plotted versus time on a graph generated within the application. The PC and external hardware required to complete the task will be studied, as well as common control theory and algorithms.

This embedded systems design course is offered to fulfill the practical application of the knowledge gained by the student in EL 508. Students will build circuitry to interface with a Cortex-M4F microcontroller and design software to demonstrate the hardware and software theory learned in EL 508. Each lab is presented as a base platform with clear design objectives allowing the student to develop a custom solution using learned techniques. The course culminates with the design and implementation of a pulse-width modulated motor controller utilizing encoder feedback and a control algorithm for speed and position control.

This course will cover more advanced theory of embedded system design with the ARM Cortex-M4F microcontroller. State-based and Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) scheduling techniques will be presented in the design of sequenced applications using the C programming language. Students will design and implement software stacks and queues used in practical applications by interfacing with other computer systems. The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus will be studied to provide connection to external devices including Digital-to-Analog Converters (DAC), Real Time Clocks (RTC) and Input/Output (I/O) expanders. Students will learn how to interface with user I/O including pushbuttons and a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) module. Analog signal interfacing and acquisition will be studied to complete a functioning embedded control system. The widely-used PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) algorithm will also be explored and coded for practical implementation in a motor controller.

This course is designed to expand the student’s knowledge regarding the capabilities of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Advanced instruction sets such as data manipulation, program control, word and file moves and sequencers are discussed using realistic industrial control problems. An understanding of the configuration of specialized hardware such as analog and numerical data I/O (Input / Output) used in conjunction with the advanced instructions will allow the student to program a PLC for a continuous closed-loop control application. Students will also learn safe installation, start-up and troubleshooting procedures using the PLC programming software.

This course continues the student's studies from Power Systems I. A practical study of a power distribution grid, and the associated protections will be done with an introduction to fault current calculations via the per unit method and symmetrical components methods. The student will understand the need for power system maintenance and testing.

This course will introduce the student to the concepts of both integrated and PC (Personal Computer) based HMI (Human Machine Interface) and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems for industrial automation. It will focus on graphical user interface design, data acquisition, logging, event driven scripting, security and automation network layout.

This course initially introduces the student to static and dynamic characteristics of the components involved with process control systems. Various process variable sensing techniques are discussed as well as feedback control modes and final control elements. Controller tuning methods by actual dynamic analysis or by mathematical modeling is also investigated. A variety of control strategies are evaluated and compared for optimum control system performance.

This course allows the student to become familiarized with the tools, test equipment, and manufacturers instructions as they apply to configuration, calibration, interconnections and operation of industrial process control components and systems. The operating characteristics of process transmitters and final control elements are examined and transfer functions are experimentally determined. Students will then be able to configure and tune digital controllers and DCS systems for a variety of process control situations. Students then use software tools to tune control systems based on mathematical models.

The System Integration course allows the student to widen their knowledge base to include analog and digital signal conditioning, conversion and processing techniques using integrated circuits found in microprocessor / microcontroller, PLC and DCS systems. The successful student will gain knowledge of how analog and digital process signals are generated, transmitted and converted while maintaining maximum data integrity. Additionally, board level industrial control design will be studied.

This course will study the aspects of law and ethics as laid out by the OACETT professional practice exam course. Students will be prepared to write their certification exam upon completion.

This course will introduce the student to the concepts of quality control and quality assurance in the workplace.

The course commences with an introduction to linear algebra concepts related to determinants, matrices and solutions of systems of equations. The course continues with a study of descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency and variation, data presentation and basic probability. An introduction to inferential statistics plus correlation and regression analysis constitutes the remainder of the course. Microsoft Excel is used extensively throughout the course for computations and graphing.